绶ㄨ�呮寜锛�2020骞�9鏈�3鏃�,锛屾槸涓湅浜烘皯鎶楁棩鎴�(zh脿n)鐖毃涓栫晫鍙嶆硶瑗挎柉鎴�(zh脿n)鐖嫕鍒�75鍛ㄥ勾绱�(j矛)蹇垫棩,銆傜偤浜嗛姌瑷樻姉鎴�(zh脿n)姝峰彶,銆佺番鎳烽潻鍛藉厛鐑�,锛屼汉姘戠恫(w菐ng)鏂囧閮ㄦ⒊鐞嗕簡鎶楁埌(zh脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鏈熺殑闈╁懡鑸婂潃鍜岄潻鍛芥枃鐗╋紝甯跺ぇ瀹跺偩鑱芥枃鐗╄儗鍚庣殑鏁呬簨,锛屼竴璧峰洖椤ч偅娈靛彲姝屽彲娉ｇ殑姝叉湀,锛岄噸婧腑鑿厭濂崇敤鐔辫鍜岀敓鍛介憚灏辩殑鎶楁埌(zh脿n)绮剧锛屽皣绱呰壊鍩哄洜浠ｄ唬鐩稿偝,銆�
鐩ф簼姗�
绗竴鎵瑰叏鍦嬮噸榛�(di菐n)鏂囩墿淇濊(h霉)鍠綅,銆�1937骞�7鏈�7鏃�,锛屾棩鏈镜鐣ヨ粛鍚戝寳骞崇洤婧濇⿱闄勮繎鐨勪腑鍦嬮杌嶇櫦(f膩)鍕曠獊鐒堕��(j矛n)鏀汇�備腑鑿皯鏃忓叏闈㈡姉鎴�(zh脿n)闁嬪,銆�
鍏矾杌嶅湪骞冲瀷闂�(gu膩n)鎴�(zh脿n)褰逛腑绻崇嵅鐨勬妲�
1937骞�9鏈�25鏃�,锛屽叓璺粛绗竴涓�浜斿斧鍦ㄥ钩鍨嬮棞(gu膩n)澶ф嵎涓婊呮棩杌�1000浣欎汉锛屾搳姣�姹借粖100浣欒紱,锛岀钩鐛蹭竴鎵硅紲閲嶅拰姝﹀櫒,锛屽彇寰楀叏鍦嬫姉鎴�(zh脿n)浠ヤ締涓湅杌嶉殜(du矛)涓诲嫊灏嬫鏃ヨ粛鐨勭涓�娆″嫕鍒�,銆�
鑷哄厭鑾婂ぇ鎴�(zh脿n)鏈熼枔绻崇嵅鐨勬棩杌嶆墜鎼栧牨(b脿o)璀﹀櫒
鑷哄厭鑾婃埌(zh脿n)褰圭敱婊曠福鎴�(zh脿n)鏂�,銆佽嚭鍏掕帄鎴�(zh脿n)鏂楃瓑閮ㄥ垎绲勬垚锛屽緸1938骞�3鏈�16鏃ラ枊濮嬭嚦4鏈�15鏃ョ祼(ji茅)鏉�,銆傚湪姝锋檪(sh铆)1鍊嬫湀鐨勬縺鎴�(zh脿n)涓�,锛屼腑鍦嬭粛闅�(du矛)鏂冨偡鏃ヨ粛绱�2钀綑浜恒�傝嚭鍏掕帄鎴�(zh脿n)褰圭殑鍕濆埄,锛屽寮�(qi谩ng)浜嗗叏鍦嬭粛姘戞姉鎴�(zh脿n)蹇呭嫕鐨勪俊蹇�,锛岄紦鑸炰簡鎶楁棩杌嶉殜(du矛)鐨勫＋姘ｃ��
姣涙兢鏉辫憲銆婅珫鎸佷箙鎴�(zh脿n)銆�
1938骞�5鏈�,锛屾瘺婢ゆ澅闆嗕腑鍏ㄩ花鐨勬櫤鎱�,锛屽浜嗐�婅珫鎸佷箙鎴�(zh脿n)銆嬪拰銆婃姉鏃ユ父鎿婃埌(zh脿n)鐖殑鎴�(zh脿n)鐣ュ晱椤屻�嬪叐绡囬噸瑕佺殑杌嶄簨鐞嗚珫钁椾綔锛岀附绲�(ji茅)鎶楁埌(zh脿n)浠ヤ締鐨勭稉(j墨ng)椹�(y脿n),锛屾壒瑭曚簡鈥滈�熷嫕璜栤�濆拰鈥滀骸鍦嬭珫鈥濈瓑閷鎬濇兂,锛屾寚鍑烘寔涔呮埌(zh脿n)鏄姉鏃ユ埌(zh脿n)鐖殑绺界殑鎴�(zh脿n)鐣ユ柟閲濄��
璩�缍犳眬浣溿�婃父鎿婇殜(du矛)姝屻�嬫墜绋�
璩�缍�?銆�?903鈥�1999锛�,锛屾箹鍗楅偟鏉变汉銆傚叓涓�涓夋窞婊姉鎴�(zh脿n)鐖嗙櫦(f膩)鍚�,锛岃硛缍犳眬闅ㄤ笂娴锋枃鍖栧眴鏁戜骸婕斿妵闅�(du矛)鍒伴仈(d谩)灞辫タ鑷ㄦ本鍏矾杌嶈睛浜嬭檿,锛岀簿蹇冨壍(chu脿ng)浣滀簡銆婃父鎿婇殜(du矛)姝屻�嬨��1938骞存槬,锛屻�婃父鎿婇殜(du矛)姝屻�嬪湪鍏矾杌嶇附鍙镐护閮ㄧ涓�娆℃櫄鏈冧笂棣栨婕斿敱,锛屽緢蹇湪鍏矾杌嶅悇閮ㄩ殜(du矛)涓唬娉涘偝鍞憋紝澶уぇ榧撹垶浜嗘埌(zh脿n)澹�戠殑澹埃,銆�
鍏矾杌嶅湪榛冨湡宥烘埌(zh脿n)鏂椾腑鐢ㄧ殑杩搳鐐�
1939骞�11鏈堝垵,锛屽叓璺粛鏅夊療鍐�杌嶅崁(q奴)閮ㄩ殜(du矛)鍜岀涓�浜屻�囧斧涓�閮ㄥ厛鍚庡湪娌冲寳娣舵簮闆佸宕栧拰榛冨湡宥哄湴鍗�(q奴)鐥涙鏃ヨ粛涓诲姏锛屾搳鏂冩梾鍦�(tu谩n)闀烽樋閮ㄨ(gu墨)绉�涓皣,銆傞樋閮ㄨ(gu墨)绉�鏄姉鏃ユ埌(zh脿n)鐖互渚嗗叓璺粛鎿婃杻鐨勮伔鍕�(w霉)鏈�楂樼殑鏃ヨ粛鎸囨彯瀹�,銆�
宸︽瑠(qu谩n)鐢ㄩ亷鐨勬湜閬�(yu菐n)閺�
宸︽瑠(qu谩n)锛�1905鈥�1942骞达級锛屾箹鍗楅喆闄典汉,锛屾姉鎴�(zh脿n)鐖嗙櫦(f膩)鍚庝换鍏矾杌嶅壇鍙冭瑎闀�,銆�1942骞�5鏈�25鏃ュ湪灞辫タ閬肩福锛堜粖宸︽瑠(qu谩n)绺ｏ級鑸囨棩杌嶄綔鎴�(zh脿n)鏅�(sh铆)鐘х壊銆傛鏈涢仩(yu菐n)閺℃槸绻崇嵅鍝侊紝宸︽瑠(qu谩n)鏇惧湪鎴�(zh脿n)鏂椾腑浣跨敤,銆�1939骞�,锛屽乏娆�(qu谩n)灏囨湜閬�(yu菐n)閺￠�佺郸鍏矾杌嶅悗鍕ら儴宸ョ▼甯浖涓樸��1982骞�,锛屾浖涓樺洖璐堝乏娆�(qu谩n)涔嬪コ宸﹀お鍖�,銆�
妤婇潠瀹囧湪鍝堢埦婵卞仛鍦颁笅宸ヤ綔鏅�(sh铆)绌跨殑澶ц～
妤婇潠瀹囷紙1905鈥�1940锛夛紝娌冲崡纰哄北浜�,锛屼腑鍦嬪叡鐢�(ch菐n)榛ㄩ花鍝�,锛屾澅鍖楁姉鏃ヨ伅(li谩n)杌嶇殑鍓�(chu脿ng)寤轰汉鍜岄牁(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)浜轰箣涓�銆�1939骞�,锛岀巼閮ㄨ綁(zhu菐n)鎴�(zh脿n)钂欐睙锛堜粖闈栧畤绺ｏ級涓�甯�,銆�1940骞�2鏈堬紝浠栧韬竴浜�,锛屽湪涓夐亾宕村瓙鑸囨棩鍋借粛浜ゆ埌(zh脿n)鏅�(sh铆)韬腑鏁�(sh霉)褰�,锛屽／鐑堢姧鐗层��
鍏矾杌嶅湪鐧惧湗(tu谩n)澶ф埌(zh脿n)涓钩鐛叉棩杌嶇殑鎺涘寘
鐧惧湗(tu谩n)澶ф埌(zh脿n)鏄姉鏃ユ埌(zh脿n)鐖檪(sh铆)鏈熷叓璺粛鍦ㄨ彲鍖楀湴鍗�(q奴)閫�(j矛n)鏀绘棩杌�,銆佹墦鐮村叾鈥滃洑绫犳斂绛栤�濈殑澶ц(gu墨)妯℃埌(zh脿n)褰�,銆�1940骞�8鏈�20鏃ラ枊濮嬶紝1941骞�1鏈堜笅鏃祼(ji茅)鏉�,銆�鍏矾杌嶅弮鎴�(zh脿n)閮ㄩ殜(du矛)105鍊嬪湗(tu谩n),锛屼綔鎴�(zh脿n)1824娆★紝鏂冨偡鏃�,銆佸伣杌�2.5钀綑浜�,锛岀牬澹為惖璺�474鍏噷銆佸叕璺�1500浣欏叕閲�,锛屾懅姣�澶ч噺鏃ュ伣杌嶆摎(j霉)榛�(di菐n),锛屾尟濂簡鍏ㄥ湅浜烘皯鐖彇鎶楁埌(zh脿n)鍕濆埄鐨勪俊蹇冦��
鏅夊療鍐�杌嶅崁(q奴)鏀挎不閮ㄨ磮绲︾嫾鐗欏北浜斿／澹箣涓�瀹嬪(xu茅)缇╃殑鈥滃爡(ji膩n)姹洪爲寮�(qi谩ng)鈥濈崕?w霉)?/span>
1941骞�9鏈�25鏃�,锛屾棩杌嶉��(j矛n)鏀婚鎵庢渤鍖楁槗绺ｇ殑鍏矾杌�,銆傜偤鎺╄(h霉)涓诲姏杞�(zhu菐n)绉伙紝棣繚鐜夌瓑5鍚嶅叓璺粛鎴�(zh脿n)澹妸鏁典汉寮曞埌鐙肩墮灞辩殑妫嬬洡闄�,锛屾摎(j霉)闅�(xi菐n)鎶垫姉,锛岀洿鑷冲綀鐩℃彺绲曪紝姣呯劧鐮告璺冲礀,銆傞Μ淇濈帀,銆佽儭寰锋灄銆佽儭绂忔墠澹儓鐘х壊,锛岃憶鎸灄鍜屽畫瀛�(xu茅)缇╄矤(f霉)鍌峰垢瀛�,銆傛檳瀵熷唨杌嶅崁(q奴)鍚戣矤(f霉)鍌风殑浜屼綅澹＋闋掔櫦(f膩)鈥滃爡(ji膩n)姹洪爲寮�(qi谩ng)鈥濈崕?w霉)闅�?span style="text-align: center; text-indent: 2em;">
閯掗煖濂偤鏇剧敓椤岃鈥滀繚琛�(w猫i)绁栧湅 鐐烘皯鍏堥嫆鈥�
1941骞�12鏈堥娓藩闄峰悗,锛屽唬鏉辩渷榛ㄧ祫绻斿拰寤ｆ澅浜烘皯鎶楁埌(zh脿n)娓告搳绺介殜(du矛)鍦ㄤ腑鍏变腑澶崡鏂瑰眬闋�(l菒ng)灏�(d菐o)涓嬶紝绲勭箶鍜岀瓥鎳�(y墨ng)绉樺瘑澶х嚐鏁�,锛屾垚鍔熸晳鍑烘暩(sh霉)鐧惧悕钁楀悕鏂囧寲浜哄＋,銆佹剾鍦嬫皯涓讳汉澹互鍙婂湅闅涘弸浜恒�傝鐕熸晳鐨勬枃鍖栦汉澹剴闊滃ギ鐐鸿〃閬�(d谩)鎰熸縺涔嬫儏,锛岀偤鏇剧敓椤岃锛氣�滀繚琛�(w猫i)绁栧湅 鐐烘皯鍏堥嫆鈥�,銆�
浠らΜ鏈綃鐨勬寚鎻垁
棣湰榻嬶紙1901鈥�1944锛夛紝鍥炴棌,锛屾渤鍖楃嵒(xi脿n)绺ｄ汉,銆傛姉鏃ユ埌(zh脿n)鐖檪(sh铆)鏈熶换鍥炴皯鏀殜(du矛)鍙镐护鍝�,锛岀巼閮ㄨ綁(zhu菐n)鎴�(zh脿n)浜庡畾绺�,銆佺劇妤�,銆佹繁绺ｅ強娌欐渤浠ユ澅,銆佸ぇ娓呮渤浠ュ寳寤ｅぇ鍦板崁(q奴)銆�1937骞磋嚦1944骞�,锛岄Μ鏈綃鐜囬儴缍�(j墨ng)姝峰ぇ灏忔埌(zh脿n)鏂�870浣欐,锛屾婊呮棩鍋借粛3.6钀綑浜恒��1944骞撮Μ鏈綃鐘х壊鍚�,锛屼竴鐩磋窡闅ㄤ粬浣滄埌(zh脿n)鐨勬寚鎻垁鐢卞叾瀹跺爆鏀惰棌,銆�
绲�(ji茅)瑾烇細涓湅浜烘皯鎶楁棩鎴�(zh脿n)鐖殑鍋夊ぇ鍕濆埄锛岄枊杈熶簡涓彲姘戞棌鍋夊ぇ寰�(f霉)鑸堢殑鍏夋槑鍓嶆櫙,銆傝畵鎴戝�戦噸婧瘡涓�浠堕潻鍛芥枃鐗╄儗鍚庣殑鏁呬簨,锛岄姌瑷樻鍙层�佺番鎳峰厛鐑�,銆佺弽鎰涘拰骞�,銆侀枊鍓�(chu脿ng)鏈締銆�
锛堟湰鏂囨摎(j霉)涓湅鏂囩墿鍫�(b脿o)绀俱�婄磪鑹蹭腑鍦嬧�斺�旈潻鍛芥枃鐗╁湒鐗囧睍銆嬪湒鐗�,銆佹枃瀛楁潗鏂欑法鐧�(f膩)锛�